1. 獨(du)立光伏發電

　　獨(du)(du)立(li)(li)光(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)又稱離網光(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。它主要由太陽(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池模塊(kuai)、控制(zhi)器和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組成，交流負載(zai)需要交流逆變器供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。獨(du)(du)立(li)(li)光(guang)伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站包括偏(pian)遠地區(qu)村(cun)村(cun)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)、太陽(yang)能家用供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)、通信信號供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)、陰極保護(hu)、太陽(yang)能路(lu)燈(deng)等具有獨(du)(du)立(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)光(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)。

　　2. 光伏并網發電

　　光伏并(bing)網(wang)(wang)發電(dian)是指太(tai)陽能電(dian)池(chi)板產生的直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)經并(bing)網(wang)(wang)逆變器轉(zhuan)換為(wei)滿足市網(wang)(wang)要求的交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)。它(ta)可以(yi)分為(wei)有(you)(you)電(dian)池(chi)和(he)沒有(you)(you)電(dian)池(chi)的并(bing)網(wang)(wang)發電(dian)系統(tong)。

　　蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池并(bing)網(wang)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統具(ju)有(you)調(diao)度能(neng)力，可根據(ju)需要(yao)并(bing)入(ru)或(huo)出(chu)網(wang)，還具(ju)有(you)后備(bei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的功能(neng)，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)因某種原因發(fa)生故障時(shi)，可提供應急電(dian)(dian)(dian)源。住宅建筑多采(cai)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)池光伏并(bing)網(wang)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統;無電(dian)(dian)(dian)池并(bing)網(wang)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統不具(ju)有(you)可調(diao)度性和后備(bei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源功能(neng)，一般安裝在較大(da)的系統上。

　　集(ji)中式大(da)規模并網(wang)式光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)一(yi)般屬于國家電(dian)(dian)站。其主(zhu)要(yao)特點是(shi)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)后(hou)可直接(jie)輸送到電(dian)(dian)網(wang)，由電(dian)(dian)網(wang)統一(yi)向(xiang)用戶分配電(dian)(dian)能(neng)。但(dan)由于投(tou)資(zi)大(da)、建設周期長(chang)、用地(di)面積(ji)大(da)等原因(yin)，該類電(dian)(dian)站發(fa)展不太好(hao)。分布式小(xiao)型并網(wang)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)，特別是(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)建筑(zhu)的(de)集(ji)成光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)，因(yin)其投(tou)資(zi)小(xiao)、建設速度(du)快、占地(di)面積(ji)小(xiao)、政策扶(fu)持力度(du)大(da)等優(you)勢，成為并網(wang)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)的(de)主(zhu)流。

　　3.分布式光伏發(fa)電

　　分布(bu)式光伏發(fa)電系(xi)統,也被(bei)稱為分布(bu)式發(fa)電和分布(bu)式電源,是指一個小型光伏發(fa)電供電系(xi)統配置或接近用戶網(wang)站(zhan)上以滿足(zu)(zu)特定用戶的(de)(de)需要(yao),支持經濟運行現(xian)有的(de)(de)分銷(xiao)網(wang)絡,或滿足(zu)(zu)兩方面的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)。